Correcting Faulty Sentences
Correcting Faulty Sentences
Error correction supplies two questions and it is the part of the Hindi paper that carries the most weight for a teaching post. The question gives a faulty sentence and asks for the correct form, so the kinds of error have to be known in advance rather than worked out on the spot.
The Main Kinds of Error
| Kind | Wrong | Correct |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | मेरी पुस्तक अच्छा है | मेरी पुस्तक अच्छी है |
| Number | वह दो पुस्तक लाया | वह दो पुस्तकें लाया |
| Karak | राम ने हँसा | राम हँसा |
| Tense | मैं जाता हूँ कल | मैं कल जाऊँगा |
| Word choice | उसने अपनी आत्मकथा स्वयं लिखी | उसने आत्मकथा लिखी |
The last line is an example of redundancy. आत्मकथा already carries the sense of self, so adding स्वयं is unnecessary. वापस लौटना, पीछे अनुसरण करना and केवल मात्र are redundancies of the same kind.
✗ वह वापस लौट आया is a correct sentence | ✓ लौटना already means to come back; the correct form is वह लौट आया
The Errors Asked Most Often
- Wrong — कृपया मेरा प्रार्थना स्वीकार करें | Right — कृपया मेरी प्रार्थना स्वीकार करें.
- Wrong — वह बहुत विद्वान व्यक्ति है | Right — वह विद्वान व्यक्ति है.
- Wrong — मुझे यह बात मालूम पड़ी | Right — मुझे यह बात मालूम हुई.
- Wrong — सभी लोगों ने अपना-अपना काम किया | Right — सभी ने अपना काम किया.
- Wrong — यह अत्यंत सुंदरतम दृश्य है | Right — यह सुंदरतम दृश्य है.
The last two show the same fault of over-statement. सुंदरतम already carries the highest degree, so placing अत्यंत before it is wrong.
A Checking Order That Works
- Match the gender — noun and adjective must agree.
- Match the number — subject and verb must agree.
- Check the karak markers, especially the use of ने.
- Check the tense — one tense should run through the sentence.
- Remove unnecessary words — redundancy is the commonest fault.
This order works because most errors are caught within the first three steps. Rather than reading the whole sentence over and over, test one step at a time; it saves time and prevents mistakes.
शिक्षक पद के लिए यह विषय दोहरा महत्व रखता है — यही कौशल कक्षा में कॉपी जाँचते समय हर दिन काम आता है।
TRE pointer: Redundancy is asked most often — वापस लौटना, केवल मात्र, अत्यंत सुंदरतम. The wrong use of ने is the second commonest. Correct in order: gender, number, karak, tense, then unnecessary words. This topic carries double weight for a teaching post.
60-Second Recap
- Errors are mainly of gender, number, karak, tense and word choice.
- Noun and adjective must agree in gender; subject and verb in number.
- ने is used only with a transitive verb in the past tense.
- वापस लौटना and केवल मात्र are redundancies.
- Placing अत्यंत before सुंदरतम is wrong.
- Check in order: gender, number, karak, tense, unnecessary words.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is redundancy in a sentence?
It is when the same sense appears twice. In वापस लौटना, लौटना already means coming back, so वापस is unnecessary. केवल मात्र, पीछे अनुसरण करना and अत्यंत सुंदरतम are examples of the same fault, and they come up in the paper again and again.
Why is राम ने हँसा wrong?
Because ने attaches only to a transitive verb in the past tense, and हँसना is intransitive. The correct form is राम हँसा. This is the commonest karak error and it is repeated across error-correction questions, so the rule is worth fixing early.
What is the fastest way to solve an error-correction question?
Test in a fixed order. First match the gender of the noun and adjective, then the number of the subject and verb, then the karak markers and the tense, and finally look for unnecessary words. Most errors are caught within the first three steps.
Which is correct, मालूम पड़ना or मालूम होना?
मालूम होना is the correct usage. मालूम पड़ना is heard in everyday speech but is treated as incorrect in standard Hindi. Such colloquial forms are placed in the paper deliberately, because they sound right to the ear and that is exactly where candidates slip.