हमारा शरीर और ज्ञानेंद्रियाँ
Our Body and Senses
Primary EVS studies the body through what a child can feel and observe: the five senses, the parts of the body, teeth, bones and simple care of health. The aim is awareness and good habits, not anatomy.
The five senses
| Sense | Sense organ | What it tells us |
|---|---|---|
| Sight | Eyes | Shape, colour, size, distance |
| Hearing | Ears | Sound, direction, danger |
| Smell | Nose | Odour, spoiled food, smoke |
| Taste | Tongue | Sweet, sour, salty, bitter |
| Touch | Skin | Hot, cold, rough, smooth, pain |
The ear also maintains balance, and the skin is the largest organ of the body. Children who cannot use one sense compensate with others, which is the natural entry point for a lesson on disability and inclusion — a link CTET makes often.
Teeth
- A child has 20 milk teeth and an adult has 32 permanent teeth.
- Four kinds: incisors for cutting, canines for tearing, premolars and molars for grinding.
- Milk teeth begin falling at about six years and are replaced through the primary years.
- Brushing twice a day and reducing sugary food prevent decay; dental care is part of the syllabus, not an aside.
Bones, muscles and organs
- An adult body has 206 bones; a newborn has about 300, which fuse as the child grows.
- The skull protects the brain, the ribcage protects the heart and lungs, and the backbone holds the body upright and protects the spinal cord.
- Joints let bones move; muscles pull the bones.
- The heart pumps blood, the lungs take in air, the stomach and intestines digest food, and the kidneys filter waste.
Health and habits
EVS links the body directly to daily habits: washing hands before eating and after using the toilet, bathing, cutting nails, using a clean toilet, covering the mouth while coughing, sleeping enough and playing outdoors. These are taught as practice in school, not as a list to memorise.
✗ An adult has 20 teeth and a child has 32. | ✓ A child has 20 milk teeth; an adult has 32 permanent teeth.
✗ The tongue is the organ of smell. | ✓ The tongue is for taste; the nose is for smell, and the two work together.
संकेत: पाँच ज्ञानेंद्रियाँ — आँख, कान, नाक, जीभ, त्वचा; दूध के दाँत 20, स्थायी दाँत 32; वयस्क शरीर में 206 हड्डियाँ।
The body supplies 1-2 factual questions. The three numbers asked most often are 20 milk teeth, 32 permanent teeth and 206 bones, and the trap swaps the two teeth figures. Sense organ matching is a standard easy item. A pedagogy question often follows, asking how to teach the senses; the answer is always a direct sensory activity such as identifying objects by touch or smell with eyes closed, rather than a labelled diagram.
Frequently asked questions
How many teeth does a child have and how many does an adult have?
A child has twenty milk teeth, which begin to fall out at about six years of age. An adult has thirty-two permanent teeth, made up of incisors, canines, premolars and molars.
How many bones are there in the human body?
An adult has 206 bones. A newborn baby has around 300, many of which are cartilage and fuse together as the child grows, which is why the adult count is lower.
How should the five senses be taught in Class 1?
Through direct sensory activities — identifying objects by touch with eyes closed, recognising sounds, smelling spices, tasting safe foods — so that the child experiences each sense before naming the organ.
60-second recap
- Five senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, with their organs.
- Skin is the largest organ; the ear also controls balance.
- 20 milk teeth in a child, 32 permanent teeth in an adult.
- Four kinds of teeth: incisors, canines, premolars, molars.
- 206 bones in an adult body; teach health as daily practice.
Ab isi chapter ke questions CTET Paper 1 mock test me practice karo — family, animals, plants aur body ke sawaal wahin milenge.